Human Gene Module / Chromosome 2 / GALNT14

GALNT14polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14

SFARI Gene Score
2
Strong Candidate Criteria 2.1
Autism Reports / Total Reports
7 / 7
Rare Variants / Common Variants
7 / 1
Aliases
GALNT14, UNQ2434/PRO4994,  GALNT15,  GalNac-T10,  GalNac-T14
Associated Syndromes
-
Chromosome Band
2p23.1
Associated Disorders
-
Relevance to Autism

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample (Anney et al., 2012).

Molecular Function

This gene encodes a Golgi protein which is a member of the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (ppGalNAc-Ts) protein family. These enzymes catalyze the transfer of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) to the hydroxyl groups on serines and threonines in target peptides. The encoded protein has been shown to transfer GalNAc to large proteins like mucins.

External Links
Gene CardOpen Targets PlatformgnomAD browserPubMed
Human
Entrez GeneOMIMUniProtHumanBaseVariCarta
SFARI Genomic Platforms
GPF browser SFARI genome browser
Reports related to GALNT14 (7 Reports)
# Type Title Author, Year Autism Report Associated Disorders
1 Primary Individual common variants exert weak effects on the risk for autism spectrum disorders Anney R , et al. (2012) Yes -
2 Support A discovery resource of rare copy number variations in individuals with autism spectrum disorder Prasad A , et al. (2013) Yes -
3 Support Genome-wide characteristics of de novo mutations in autism Yuen RK et al. (2016) Yes -
4 Support Mutations in Human Accelerated Regions Disrupt Cognition and Social Behavior Doan RN , et al. (2016) Yes -
5 Support Inherited and De Novo Genetic Risk for Autism Impacts Shared Networks Ruzzo EK , et al. (2019) Yes -
6 Support - Woodbury-Smith M et al. (2022) Yes -
7 Support - Zhou X et al. (2022) Yes -
Rare Variants   (7)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Parental Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
- - copy_number_loss Unknown - Unknown 23275889 Prasad A , et al. (2013)
c.314+39105C>T - intron_variant - - Unknown 27667684 Doan RN , et al. (2016)
c.1288C>T p.Arg430Ter stop_gained De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.700G>A p.Asp234Asn missense_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.700G>A p.Asp234Asn missense_variant De novo - Simplex 27525107 Yuen RK et al. (2016)
c.556C>T p.Arg186Trp missense_variant Unknown - - 35205252 Woodbury-Smith M et al. (2022)
c.910del p.Asp304IlefsTer25 frameshift_variant Familial Paternal Multiplex 31398340 Ruzzo EK , et al. (2019)
Common Variants   (1)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Paternal Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
c.1395+488C>A;c.1320+488C>A;c.1380+488C>A;c.1275+488C>A - intron_variant - - - 22843504 Anney R , et al. (2012)
SFARI Gene score
2

Strong Candidate

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E07 (PMID 22843504).

Score Delta: Score remained at 2

criteria met
See SFARI Gene'scoring criteria
2

Strong Candidate

See all Category 2 Genes

We considered a rigorous statistical comparison between cases and controls, yielding genome-wide statistical significance, with independent replication, to be the strongest possible evidence for a gene. These criteria were relaxed slightly for category 2.

4/1/2022
3
icon
2

Decreased from 3 to 2

Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E07 (PMID 22843504).

10/1/2019
4
icon
3

Decreased from 4 to 3

New Scoring Scheme
Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E07 (PMID 22843504).

Reports Added
[New Scoring Scheme]
7/1/2019
4
icon
4

Decreased from 4 to 4

Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E07 (PMID 22843504).

Reports Added
[Inherited and De Novo Genetic Risk for Autism Impacts Shared Networks.2019]
10/1/2016
4
icon
4

Decreased from 4 to 4

Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E?07 (PMID 22843504).

Reports Added
[Mutations in Human Accelerated Regions Disrupt Cognition and Social Behavior.2016]
7/1/2016
4
icon
4

Decreased from 4 to 4

Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E?07 (PMID 22843504).

Reports Added
[Genome-wide characteristics of de novo mutations in autism2016]
7/1/2015
icon
4

Increased from to 4

Description

A SNP within the GALNT14 gene showed association in the secondary analyses in a combined AGP GWA sample with a P-value of 3.942E?07 (PMID 22843504).

Krishnan Probability Score

Score 0.48919145579266

Ranking 6557/25841 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Krishnan and colleagues generated probability scores genome-wide by using a machine learning approach on a human brain-specific gene network. The method was first presented in Nat Neurosci 19, 1454-1462 (2016), and scores for more than 25,000 RefSeq genes can be accessed in column G of supplementary table 3 (see: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v19/n11/extref/nn.4353-S5.xlsx). A searchable browser, with the ability to view networks of associated ASD risk genes, can be found at asd.princeton.edu.
Original Source
ExAC Score

Score 3.0325377434453E-9

Ranking 16414/18225 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) is a summary database of 60,706 exomes that has been widely used to estimate 'constraint' on mutation for individual genes. It was introduced by Lek et al. Nature 536, 285-291 (2016), and the ExAC browser can be found at exac.broadinstitute.org. The pLI score was developed as measure of intolerance to loss-of- function mutation. A pLI > 0.9 is generally viewed as highly constrained, and thus any loss-of- function mutations in autism in such a gene would be more likely to confer risk. For a full list of pLI scores see: ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/ExAC_release/release0.3.1/functional_gene_constraint/fordist_cle aned_exac_nonTCGA_z_pli_rec_null_data.txt
Original Source
Sanders TADA Score

Score 0.94780956838501

Ranking 17427/18665 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The TADA score ('Transmission and De novo Association') was introduced by He et al. PLoS Genet 9(8):e1003671 (2013), and is a statistic that integrates evidence from both de novo and transmitted mutations. It forms the basis for the claim of 65 individual genes being strongly associated with autism risk at a false discovery rate of 0.1 (Sanders et al. Neuron 87, 1215-1233 (2015)). The calculated TADA score for 18,665 RefSeq genes can be found in column P of Supplementary Table 6 in the Sanders et al. paper (the column headed 'tadaFdrAscSscExomeSscAgpSmallDel'), which represents a combined analysis of exome data and small de novo deletions (see www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2038545319/2052606711/mmc7.xlsx).
Original Source
Larsen Cumulative Evidence Score

Score 3

Ranking 340/461 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Larsen and colleagues generated gene scores based on the sum of evidence for all available ASD-associated variants in a gene, with assessments based on mode of inheritance, effect size, and variant frequency in the general population. The approach was first presented in Mol Autism 7:44 (2016), and scores for 461 genes can be found in column I in supplementary table 4 from that paper.
Original Source
Zhang D Score

Score -0.029490005426939

Ranking 9675/20870 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The DAMAGES score (disease-associated mutation analysis using gene expression signatures), or D score, was developed to combine evidence from de novo loss-of- function mutation with evidence from cell-type- specific gene expression in the mouse brain (specifically translational profiles of 24 specific mouse CNS cell types isolated from 6 different brain regions). Genes with positive D scores are more likely to be associated with autism risk, with higher-confidence genes having higher D scores. This statistic was first presented by Zhang & Shen (Hum Mutat 38, 204- 215 (2017), and D scores for more than 20,000 RefSeq genes can be found in column M in supplementary table 2 from that paper.
Original Source
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