Human Gene Module / Chromosome 17 / GFAP

GFAPglial fibrillary acidic protein

SFARI Gene Score
1
High Confidence Criteria 1.1
Autism Reports / Total Reports
1 / 1
Rare Variants / Common Variants
2 / 0
EAGLE Score
0.3
Limited Learn More
Aliases
GFAP, ALXDRD
Associated Syndromes
-
Chromosome Band
17q21.31
Associated Disorders
-
Genetic Category
Rare Single Gene Mutation
Relevance to Autism

Three de novo missense variants that were predicted to be possibly damaging (defined as 1 MPC 2) were identified in the GFAP gene in ASD probands from the Autism Sequencing Consortium and the Simons Simplex Collection (Satterstrom et al., 2020). TADA analysis of de novo variants from the Simons Simplex Collection and the Autism Sequencing Consortium and protein-truncating variants from iPSYCH in Satterstrom et al., 2020 identified GFAP as a candidate gene with a false discovery rate (FDR) between 0.01 and 0.05 (0.01 < FDR 0.05).

Molecular Function

This gene encodes one of the major intermediate filament proteins of mature astrocytes. It is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Heterozygous mutations in this gene cause Alexander disease (OMIM 203450), a rare disorder of astrocytes in the central nervous system.

External Links
Gene CardOpen Targets PlatformgnomAD browserPubMed
Human
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SFARI Genomic Platforms
GPF browser SFARI genome browser
Reports related to GFAP (1 Reports)
# Type Title Author, Year Autism Report Associated Disorders
1 Primary Large-Scale Exome Sequencing Study Implicates Both Developmental and Functional Changes in the Neurobiology of Autism Satterstrom FK et al. (2020) Yes -
Rare Variants   (2)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Parental Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
c.547C>T p.Arg183Cys missense_variant De novo - Simplex 31981491 Satterstrom FK et al. (2020)
c.995A>G p.Glu332Gly missense_variant De novo - Simplex 31981491 Satterstrom FK et al. (2020)
Common Variants  

No common variants reported.

SFARI Gene score
1

High Confidence

Score Delta: Score remained at 1

criteria met
See SFARI Gene'scoring criteria
1

High Confidence

See all Category 1 Genes

We considered a rigorous statistical comparison between cases and controls, yielding genome-wide statistical significance, with independent replication, to be the strongest possible evidence for a gene. These criteria were relaxed slightly for category 2.

4/1/2022
icon
1

Increased from to 1

Krishnan Probability Score

Score 0.50633455911402

Ranking 1886/25841 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Krishnan and colleagues generated probability scores genome-wide by using a machine learning approach on a human brain-specific gene network. The method was first presented in Nat Neurosci 19, 1454-1462 (2016), and scores for more than 25,000 RefSeq genes can be accessed in column G of supplementary table 3 (see: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v19/n11/extref/nn.4353-S5.xlsx). A searchable browser, with the ability to view networks of associated ASD risk genes, can be found at asd.princeton.edu.
Original Source
ExAC Score

Score 2.2293675648739E-5

Ranking 13832/18225 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) is a summary database of 60,706 exomes that has been widely used to estimate 'constraint' on mutation for individual genes. It was introduced by Lek et al. Nature 536, 285-291 (2016), and the ExAC browser can be found at exac.broadinstitute.org. The pLI score was developed as measure of intolerance to loss-of- function mutation. A pLI > 0.9 is generally viewed as highly constrained, and thus any loss-of- function mutations in autism in such a gene would be more likely to confer risk. For a full list of pLI scores see: ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/ExAC_release/release0.3.1/functional_gene_constraint/fordist_cle aned_exac_nonTCGA_z_pli_rec_null_data.txt
Original Source
Sanders TADA Score

Score 0.92338206462009

Ranking 9766/18665 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The TADA score ('Transmission and De novo Association') was introduced by He et al. PLoS Genet 9(8):e1003671 (2013), and is a statistic that integrates evidence from both de novo and transmitted mutations. It forms the basis for the claim of 65 individual genes being strongly associated with autism risk at a false discovery rate of 0.1 (Sanders et al. Neuron 87, 1215-1233 (2015)). The calculated TADA score for 18,665 RefSeq genes can be found in column P of Supplementary Table 6 in the Sanders et al. paper (the column headed 'tadaFdrAscSscExomeSscAgpSmallDel'), which represents a combined analysis of exome data and small de novo deletions (see www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2038545319/2052606711/mmc7.xlsx).
Original Source
Zhang D Score

Score -0.21183582066948

Ranking 15679/20870 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The DAMAGES score (disease-associated mutation analysis using gene expression signatures), or D score, was developed to combine evidence from de novo loss-of- function mutation with evidence from cell-type- specific gene expression in the mouse brain (specifically translational profiles of 24 specific mouse CNS cell types isolated from 6 different brain regions). Genes with positive D scores are more likely to be associated with autism risk, with higher-confidence genes having higher D scores. This statistic was first presented by Zhang & Shen (Hum Mutat 38, 204- 215 (2017), and D scores for more than 20,000 RefSeq genes can be found in column M in supplementary table 2 from that paper.
Original Source
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