Human Gene Module / Chromosome 17 / MINK1

MINK1misshapen like kinase 1

SFARI Gene Score
3
Suggestive Evidence Criteria 3.1
Autism Reports / Total Reports
8 / 8
Rare Variants / Common Variants
16 / 0
Aliases
-
Associated Syndromes
-
Chromosome Band
17p13.2
Associated Disorders
-
Relevance to Autism

De novo variants in the MINK1 gene have been identified in ASD probands, including two de novo missense variants in probands from the Simons Simplex Collection and the Autism Sequencing Consortium (Iossifov et al., 2014; Sanders et al., 2015; Yuen et al., 2017; Turner et al., 2017; Satterstrom et al., 2020), while a de novo post-zygotic missense variant in this gene that was predicted to be damaging was identified in brain tissue from an ASD brain donor from the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center (Woodbury-Smith et al., 2022). Functional assessment of the ASD-associated p.Cys269Arg missense variant, which was originally identified in a proband from the Simons Simplex Collection, in Drosophila using an overexpression-based strategy in Macrogliese et al., 2022 demonstrated that flies overexpressing MINK1-p.Cys269Arg failed to reduce the expected viability to the extent of the corresponding reference allele upon overexpression, indicating a loss-of-function effect.

Molecular Function

This gene encodes a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the germinal center kinase (GCK) family. The protein is structurally similar to the kinases that are related to NIK and may belong to a distinct subfamily of NIK-related kinases within the GCK family. Studies of the mouse homolog indicate an up-regulation of expression in the course of postnatal mouse cerebral development and activation of the cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the p38 pathways.

External Links
Gene CardOpen Targets PlatformgnomAD browserPubMed
Human
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SFARI Genomic Platforms
GPF browser SFARI genome browser
Reports related to MINK1 (8 Reports)
# Type Title Author, Year Autism Report Associated Disorders
1 Primary The contribution of de novo coding mutations to autism spectrum disorder Iossifov I et al. (2014) Yes -
2 Support Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder Genomic Architecture and Biology from 71 Risk Loci Sanders SJ , et al. (2015) Yes -
3 Support Whole genome sequencing resource identifies 18 new candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder C Yuen RK et al. (2017) Yes -
4 Support Genomic Patterns of De Novo Mutation in Simplex Autism Turner TN et al. (2017) Yes -
5 Support Large-Scale Exome Sequencing Study Implicates Both Developmental and Functional Changes in the Neurobiology of Autism Satterstrom FK et al. (2020) Yes -
6 Support - Woodbury-Smith M et al. (2022) Yes -
7 Recent Recommendation - Marcogliese PC et al. (2022) Yes -
8 Support - Zhou X et al. (2022) Yes -
Rare Variants   (16)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Parental Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
c.3715+19T>C - intron_variant De novo - - 26402605 Sanders SJ , et al. (2015)
c.749C>G p.Pro250Arg missense_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.58-227G>A - intron_variant De novo - Simplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
c.3050G>A p.Arg1017Gln missense_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.3161C>T p.Thr1054Ile missense_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.978C>T p.Ser326%3D synonymous_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.1231-182T>C - intron_variant De novo - Simplex 28965761 Turner TN et al. (2017)
c.57+11509A>C - intron_variant De novo - Simplex 28965761 Turner TN et al. (2017)
c.57+21841A>G - intron_variant De novo - Simplex 28965761 Turner TN et al. (2017)
c.3715+15G>A - intron_variant De novo - Simplex 25363768 Iossifov I et al. (2014)
c.57+5494G>A - intron_variant De novo - Multiplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
c.3836T>C p.Leu1279Pro missense_variant De novo - Simplex 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.2687G>A p.Arg896Gln missense_variant De novo - - 31981491 Satterstrom FK et al. (2020)
c.805T>C p.Cys269Arg missense_variant De novo - Simplex 25363768 Iossifov I et al. (2014)
c.2303G>A p.Arg768His missense_variant De novo - - 35205252 Woodbury-Smith M et al. (2022)
c.3852C>T p.Leu1284%3D synonymous_variant Unknown - - 35205252 Woodbury-Smith M et al. (2022)
Common Variants  

No common variants reported.

SFARI Gene score
3

Suggestive Evidence

Score Delta: Score remained at 3

criteria met
See SFARI Gene'scoring criteria
3

Suggestive Evidence

See all Category 3 Genes

The literature is replete with relatively small studies of candidate genes, using either common or rare variant approaches, which do not reach the criteria set out for categories 1 and 2. Genes that had two such lines of supporting evidence were placed in category 3, and those with one line of evidence were placed in category 4. Some additional lines of "accessory evidence" (indicated as "acc" in the score cards) could also boost a gene from category 4 to 3.

4/1/2022
icon
3

Increased from to 3

Krishnan Probability Score

Score 0.5715133956743

Ranking 777/25841 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Krishnan and colleagues generated probability scores genome-wide by using a machine learning approach on a human brain-specific gene network. The method was first presented in Nat Neurosci 19, 1454-1462 (2016), and scores for more than 25,000 RefSeq genes can be accessed in column G of supplementary table 3 (see: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v19/n11/extref/nn.4353-S5.xlsx). A searchable browser, with the ability to view networks of associated ASD risk genes, can be found at asd.princeton.edu.
Original Source
ExAC Score

Score 0.99998402150743

Ranking 490/18225 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) is a summary database of 60,706 exomes that has been widely used to estimate 'constraint' on mutation for individual genes. It was introduced by Lek et al. Nature 536, 285-291 (2016), and the ExAC browser can be found at exac.broadinstitute.org. The pLI score was developed as measure of intolerance to loss-of- function mutation. A pLI > 0.9 is generally viewed as highly constrained, and thus any loss-of- function mutations in autism in such a gene would be more likely to confer risk. For a full list of pLI scores see: ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/ExAC_release/release0.3.1/functional_gene_constraint/fordist_cle aned_exac_nonTCGA_z_pli_rec_null_data.txt
Original Source
Sanders TADA Score

Score 0.84103924525437

Ranking 3165/18665 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The TADA score ('Transmission and De novo Association') was introduced by He et al. PLoS Genet 9(8):e1003671 (2013), and is a statistic that integrates evidence from both de novo and transmitted mutations. It forms the basis for the claim of 65 individual genes being strongly associated with autism risk at a false discovery rate of 0.1 (Sanders et al. Neuron 87, 1215-1233 (2015)). The calculated TADA score for 18,665 RefSeq genes can be found in column P of Supplementary Table 6 in the Sanders et al. paper (the column headed 'tadaFdrAscSscExomeSscAgpSmallDel'), which represents a combined analysis of exome data and small de novo deletions (see www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2038545319/2052606711/mmc7.xlsx).
Original Source
Zhang D Score

Score 0.21752993644296

Ranking 3973/20870 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The DAMAGES score (disease-associated mutation analysis using gene expression signatures), or D score, was developed to combine evidence from de novo loss-of- function mutation with evidence from cell-type- specific gene expression in the mouse brain (specifically translational profiles of 24 specific mouse CNS cell types isolated from 6 different brain regions). Genes with positive D scores are more likely to be associated with autism risk, with higher-confidence genes having higher D scores. This statistic was first presented by Zhang & Shen (Hum Mutat 38, 204- 215 (2017), and D scores for more than 20,000 RefSeq genes can be found in column M in supplementary table 2 from that paper.
Original Source
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