Human Gene Module / Chromosome 12 / NUAK1

NUAK1NUAK family, SNF1-like kinase, 1

SFARI Gene Score
2
Strong Candidate Criteria 2.1
Autism Reports / Total Reports
4 / 6
Rare Variants / Common Variants
4 / 0
Aliases
NUAK1, ARK5
Associated Syndromes
-
Chromosome Band
12q23.3
Associated Disorders
-
Relevance to Autism

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value <0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server.

Molecular Function

This gene encodes a serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell adhesion, regulation of cell ploidy and senescence, cell proliferation and tumor progression.

External Links
Gene CardOpen Targets PlatformgnomAD browserPubMed
Human
Entrez GeneOMIMUniProtHumanBaseVariCarta
Mouse
Entrez GeneMouse Genome InformaticsAllen Brain Atlas
SFARI Genomic Platforms
GPF browser SFARI genome browser
Reports related to NUAK1 (6 Reports)
# Type Title Author, Year Autism Report Associated Disorders
1 Primary De novo gene disruptions in children on the autistic spectrum Iossifov I , et al. (2012) Yes -
2 Support The contribution of de novo coding mutations to autism spectrum disorder Iossifov I et al. (2014) Yes -
3 Support Excess of rare, inherited truncating mutations in autism Krumm N , et al. (2015) No -
4 Recent Recommendation Systems genetics identifies a convergent gene network for cognition and neurodevelopmental disease Johnson MR , et al. (2015) No -
5 Support De novo genic mutations among a Chinese autism spectrum disorder cohort Wang T , et al. (2016) Yes -
6 Support Haploinsufficiency of autism spectrum disorder candidate gene NUAK1 impairs cortical development and behavior in mice Courchet V , et al. (2018) Yes -
Rare Variants   (4)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Parental Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
c.1297C>T p.Gln433Ter stop_gained De novo - Simplex 22542183 Iossifov I , et al. (2012)
c.481C>G p.Gln161Glu missense_variant Familial Maternal - 27824329 Wang T , et al. (2016)
c.1958C>T p.Ala653Val missense_variant Familial Paternal - 27824329 Wang T , et al. (2016)
c.1958C>T p.Ala653Val missense_variant De novo - Simplex 25363768 Iossifov I et al. (2014)
Common Variants  

No common variants reported.

SFARI Gene score
2

Strong Candidate

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value < 0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server. Courchet et al., 2018 demonstrated that haploinsufficiency of the NUAK1 gene in mice resulted in impaired cortical development and abnormal behaviors, including defects in social novelty. Furthermore, an ASD-associated nonsense variant in the NUAK1 gene was experimentally shown to fail to rescue deficits in axon branching and mitochondrial tracking in NUAK1-null mouse neurons.

Score Delta: Score remained at 2

criteria met
See SFARI Gene'scoring criteria
2

Strong Candidate

See all Category 2 Genes

We considered a rigorous statistical comparison between cases and controls, yielding genome-wide statistical significance, with independent replication, to be the strongest possible evidence for a gene. These criteria were relaxed slightly for category 2.

10/1/2019
3
icon
2

Decreased from 3 to 2

New Scoring Scheme
Description

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value < 0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server. Courchet et al., 2018 demonstrated that haploinsufficiency of the NUAK1 gene in mice resulted in impaired cortical development and abnormal behaviors, including defects in social novelty. Furthermore, an ASD-associated nonsense variant in the NUAK1 gene was experimentally shown to fail to rescue deficits in axon branching and mitochondrial tracking in NUAK1-null mouse neurons.

Reports Added
[New Scoring Scheme]
10/1/2018
3
icon
3

Decreased from 3 to 3

Description

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value < 0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server. Courchet et al., 2018 demonstrated that haploinsufficiency of the NUAK1 gene in mice resulted in impaired cortical development and abnormal behaviors, including defects in social novelty. Furthermore, an ASD-associated nonsense variant in the NUAK1 gene was experimentally shown to fail to rescue deficits in axon branching and mitochondrial tracking in NUAK1-null mouse neurons.

Reports Added
[Haploinsufficiency of autism spectrum disorder candidate gene NUAK1 impairs cortical development and behavior in mice.2018]
10/1/2016
3
icon
3

Decreased from 3 to 3

Description

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value <0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server.

Reports Added
[De novo genic mutations among a Chinese autism spectrum disorder cohort.2016]
1/1/2016
3
icon
3

Decreased from 3 to 3

Description

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value <0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server.

Reports Added
[De novo gene disruptions in children on the autistic spectrum.2012] [The contribution of de novo coding mutations to autism spectrum disorder2014] [Excess of rare, inherited truncating mutations in autism.2015] [Systems genetics identifies a convergent gene network for cognition and neurodevelopmental disease.2015]
7/1/2015
icon
3

Increased from to 3

Description

Two de novo variants (one nonsense, one missense) in the NUAK1 gene were identified in ASD probands from the Simons Simplex Collection in Iossifov et al., 2012 and Iossifov et al., 2014. Krumm et al., 2015 reported that no de novo SNVs in this gene were observed in SSC unaffected siblings (de novo SNV P-value <0.05), and no rare effect types were reported in the Exome Variant Server.

Krishnan Probability Score

Score 0.5615767779482

Ranking 1303/25841 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Krishnan and colleagues generated probability scores genome-wide by using a machine learning approach on a human brain-specific gene network. The method was first presented in Nat Neurosci 19, 1454-1462 (2016), and scores for more than 25,000 RefSeq genes can be accessed in column G of supplementary table 3 (see: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v19/n11/extref/nn.4353-S5.xlsx). A searchable browser, with the ability to view networks of associated ASD risk genes, can be found at asd.princeton.edu.
Original Source
ExAC Score

Score 0.18902967251891

Ranking 7100/18225 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) is a summary database of 60,706 exomes that has been widely used to estimate 'constraint' on mutation for individual genes. It was introduced by Lek et al. Nature 536, 285-291 (2016), and the ExAC browser can be found at exac.broadinstitute.org. The pLI score was developed as measure of intolerance to loss-of- function mutation. A pLI > 0.9 is generally viewed as highly constrained, and thus any loss-of- function mutations in autism in such a gene would be more likely to confer risk. For a full list of pLI scores see: ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/ExAC_release/release0.3.1/functional_gene_constraint/fordist_cle aned_exac_nonTCGA_z_pli_rec_null_data.txt
Original Source
Sanders TADA Score

Score 0.20670291554291

Ranking 115/18665 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The TADA score ('Transmission and De novo Association') was introduced by He et al. PLoS Genet 9(8):e1003671 (2013), and is a statistic that integrates evidence from both de novo and transmitted mutations. It forms the basis for the claim of 65 individual genes being strongly associated with autism risk at a false discovery rate of 0.1 (Sanders et al. Neuron 87, 1215-1233 (2015)). The calculated TADA score for 18,665 RefSeq genes can be found in column P of Supplementary Table 6 in the Sanders et al. paper (the column headed 'tadaFdrAscSscExomeSscAgpSmallDel'), which represents a combined analysis of exome data and small de novo deletions (see www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2038545319/2052606711/mmc7.xlsx).
Original Source
Zhang D Score

Score 0.42647659593284

Ranking 1160/20870 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The DAMAGES score (disease-associated mutation analysis using gene expression signatures), or D score, was developed to combine evidence from de novo loss-of- function mutation with evidence from cell-type- specific gene expression in the mouse brain (specifically translational profiles of 24 specific mouse CNS cell types isolated from 6 different brain regions). Genes with positive D scores are more likely to be associated with autism risk, with higher-confidence genes having higher D scores. This statistic was first presented by Zhang & Shen (Hum Mutat 38, 204- 215 (2017), and D scores for more than 20,000 RefSeq genes can be found in column M in supplementary table 2 from that paper.
Original Source
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