Human Gene Module / Chromosome 6 / PHF3

PHF3PHD finger protein 3

SFARI Gene Score
1
High Confidence Criteria 1.1
Autism Reports / Total Reports
5 / 5
Rare Variants / Common Variants
11 / 0
EAGLE Score
9.75
Moderate Learn More
Aliases
-
Associated Syndromes
-
Chromosome Band
6q12
Associated Disorders
-
Genetic Category
Rare Single Gene Mutation
Relevance to Autism

A de novo loss-of-function (LoF) variant in the PHF3 gene was first identified in an ASD proband from the Simons Simplex Collection (Iossifov et al., 2014). A second de novo LoF variant in this gene was identified by whole genome sequencing in an ASD proband from a multiplex family as part of the MSSNG initiative in Yuen et al., 2017. Based on the discovery of two de novo LoF variants in ASD cases, a probability of LoF intolerance rate (pLI) > 0.9, and a higher-than expected mutation rate (a false discovery rate < 15%), PHF3 was determined to be an ASD candidate gene in Yuen et al., 2017.

Molecular Function

This gene encodes a member of a PHD finger-containing gene family. This gene may function as a transcription factor and may be involved in glioblastomas development.

External Links
Gene CardOpen Targets PlatformgnomAD browserPubMed
Human
Entrez GeneOMIMUniProtHumanBaseVariCarta
SFARI Genomic Platforms
GPF browser SFARI genome browser
Reports related to PHF3 (5 Reports)
# Type Title Author, Year Autism Report Associated Disorders
1 Primary The contribution of de novo coding mutations to autism spectrum disorder Iossifov I et al. (2014) Yes -
2 Recent Recommendation Whole genome sequencing resource identifies 18 new candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder C Yuen RK et al. (2017) Yes -
3 Support Inherited and De Novo Genetic Risk for Autism Impacts Shared Networks Ruzzo EK , et al. (2019) Yes -
4 Support Exome sequencing of 457 autism families recruited online provides evidence for autism risk genes Feliciano P et al. (2019) Yes -
5 Support - Zhou X et al. (2022) Yes -
Rare Variants   (11)
Status Allele Change Residue Change Variant Type Inheritance Pattern Parental Transmission Family Type PubMed ID Author, Year
A>T - missense_variant De novo - - 31452935 Feliciano P et al. (2019)
c.604C>T p.Arg202Ter stop_gained De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.2539G>T p.Glu847Ter stop_gained De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.4405A>G p.Ile1469Val missense_variant De novo - - 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.5624C>T p.Ala1875Val missense_variant De novo - Simplex 35982159 Zhou X et al. (2022)
c.5758C>T p.Arg1920Cys missense_variant De novo - Simplex 25363768 Iossifov I et al. (2014)
c.2976del p.Ala993ProfsTer42 frameshift_variant De novo - Simplex 25363768 Iossifov I et al. (2014)
c.2207_2208del p.Gly736GlufsTer3 frameshift_variant Familial Paternal Multiplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
c.3793C>T;c.4057C>T p.Arg1265Ter;p.Arg1353Ter stop_gained Familial Maternal Multiplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
NM_001290259.2:c.5641_5644del;c.5905_5908del p.Pro1881ArgfsTer49 frameshift_variant Unknown - Simplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
NM_001290259.2:c.3062_3065del;c.3326_3329del p.Lys1021SerfsTer2 frameshift_variant De novo - Multiplex 28263302 C Yuen RK et al. (2017)
Common Variants  

No common variants reported.

SFARI Gene score
1

High Confidence

Score Delta: Score remained at 1

criteria met
See SFARI Gene'scoring criteria
1

High Confidence

See all Category 1 Genes

We considered a rigorous statistical comparison between cases and controls, yielding genome-wide statistical significance, with independent replication, to be the strongest possible evidence for a gene. These criteria were relaxed slightly for category 2.

10/1/2019
2
icon
1

Decreased from 2 to 1

New Scoring Scheme
Description

A de novo loss-of-function (LoF) variant in the PHF3 gene was first identified in an ASD proband from the Simons Simplex Collection (Iossifov et al., 2014). A second de novo LoF variant in this gene was identified by whole genome sequencing in an ASD proband from a multiplex family as part of the MSSNG initiative in Yuen et al., 2017. Based on the discovery of two de novo LoF variants in ASD cases, a probability of LoF intolerance rate (pLI) > 0.9, and a higher-than expected mutation rate (a false discovery rate < 15%), PHF3 was determined to be an ASD candidate gene in Yuen et al., 2017.

Reports Added
[Exome sequencing of 457 autism families recruited online provides evidence for autism risk genes2019] [New Scoring Scheme]
7/1/2019
2
icon
2

Decreased from 2 to 2

Description

A de novo loss-of-function (LoF) variant in the PHF3 gene was first identified in an ASD proband from the Simons Simplex Collection (Iossifov et al., 2014). A second de novo LoF variant in this gene was identified by whole genome sequencing in an ASD proband from a multiplex family as part of the MSSNG initiative in Yuen et al., 2017. Based on the discovery of two de novo LoF variants in ASD cases, a probability of LoF intolerance rate (pLI) > 0.9, and a higher-than expected mutation rate (a false discovery rate < 15%), PHF3 was determined to be an ASD candidate gene in Yuen et al., 2017.

Reports Added
[Inherited and De Novo Genetic Risk for Autism Impacts Shared Networks.2019]
4/1/2017
icon
2

Increased from to 2

Description

A de novo loss-of-function (LoF) variant in the PHF3 gene was first identified in an ASD proband from the Simons Simplex Collection (Iossifov et al., 2014). A second de novo LoF variant in this gene was identified by whole genome sequencing in an ASD proband from a multiplex family as part of the MSSNG initiative in Yuen et al., 2017. Based on the discovery of two de novo LoF variants in ASD cases, a probability of LoF intolerance rate (pLI) > 0.9, and a higher-than expected mutation rate (a false discovery rate < 15%), PHF3 was determined to be an ASD candidate gene in Yuen et al., 2017.

Krishnan Probability Score

Score 0.53192936594763

Ranking 1528/25841 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Krishnan and colleagues generated probability scores genome-wide by using a machine learning approach on a human brain-specific gene network. The method was first presented in Nat Neurosci 19, 1454-1462 (2016), and scores for more than 25,000 RefSeq genes can be accessed in column G of supplementary table 3 (see: http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v19/n11/extref/nn.4353-S5.xlsx). A searchable browser, with the ability to view networks of associated ASD risk genes, can be found at asd.princeton.edu.
Original Source
ExAC Score

Score 0.99946941986418

Ranking 942/18225 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) is a summary database of 60,706 exomes that has been widely used to estimate 'constraint' on mutation for individual genes. It was introduced by Lek et al. Nature 536, 285-291 (2016), and the ExAC browser can be found at exac.broadinstitute.org. The pLI score was developed as measure of intolerance to loss-of- function mutation. A pLI > 0.9 is generally viewed as highly constrained, and thus any loss-of- function mutations in autism in such a gene would be more likely to confer risk. For a full list of pLI scores see: ftp://ftp.broadinstitute.org/pub/ExAC_release/release0.3.1/functional_gene_constraint/fordist_cle aned_exac_nonTCGA_z_pli_rec_null_data.txt
Original Source
Iossifov Probability Score

Score 0.964

Ranking 70/239 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
Supplementary dataset S2 in the paper by Iossifov et al. (PNAS 112, E5600-E5607 (2015)) lists 239 genes with a probability of at least 0.8 of being associated with autism risk (column I). This probability metric combines the evidence from de novo likely-gene- disrupting and missense mutations and assesses it against the background mutation rate in unaffected individuals from the University of Washington’s Exome Variant Sequence database (evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS/). The list of probability scores can be found here: www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1516376112/- /DCSupplemental/pnas.1516376112.sd02.xlsx
Original Source
Sanders TADA Score

Score 0.61972761866288

Ranking 777/18665 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The TADA score ('Transmission and De novo Association') was introduced by He et al. PLoS Genet 9(8):e1003671 (2013), and is a statistic that integrates evidence from both de novo and transmitted mutations. It forms the basis for the claim of 65 individual genes being strongly associated with autism risk at a false discovery rate of 0.1 (Sanders et al. Neuron 87, 1215-1233 (2015)). The calculated TADA score for 18,665 RefSeq genes can be found in column P of Supplementary Table 6 in the Sanders et al. paper (the column headed 'tadaFdrAscSscExomeSscAgpSmallDel'), which represents a combined analysis of exome data and small de novo deletions (see www.cell.com/cms/attachment/2038545319/2052606711/mmc7.xlsx).
Original Source
Zhang D Score

Score 0.6622942649973

Ranking 8/20870 scored genes


[Show Scoring Methodology]
The DAMAGES score (disease-associated mutation analysis using gene expression signatures), or D score, was developed to combine evidence from de novo loss-of- function mutation with evidence from cell-type- specific gene expression in the mouse brain (specifically translational profiles of 24 specific mouse CNS cell types isolated from 6 different brain regions). Genes with positive D scores are more likely to be associated with autism risk, with higher-confidence genes having higher D scores. This statistic was first presented by Zhang & Shen (Hum Mutat 38, 204- 215 (2017), and D scores for more than 20,000 RefSeq genes can be found in column M in supplementary table 2 from that paper.
Original Source
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